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SELECT 
  b.variant_name, 
  a.*, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier, 
    a.modifier
  ) as modifier, 
  IF(
    shared_option_variants.variant_id IS NOT NULL, 
    shared_option_variants.modifier_type, 
    a.modifier_type
  ) as modifier_type 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants AS a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_option_variants_descriptions AS b ON b.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND b.lang_code = 'ru' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_ult_product_option_variants shared_option_variants ON shared_option_variants.variant_id = a.variant_id 
  AND shared_option_variants.company_id = 1 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.option_id IN (13, 14, 11, 15, 1) 
  AND a.status = 'A' 
ORDER BY 
  a.position, 
  a.variant_id

Query time 0.00226

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.056547871,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "read_sorted_file": {
          "filesort": {
            "sort_key": "a.position, a.variant_id",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "a",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "possible_keys": ["status", "option_id", "option_id_2"],
              "loops": 1,
              "rows": 32,
              "cost": 0.0160708,
              "filtered": 50,
              "attached_condition": "a.option_id in (13,14,11,15,1) and a.`status` = 'A'"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "b",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["variant_id", "lang_code"],
          "ref": ["lvshop.a.variant_id", "const"],
          "loops": 16,
          "rows": 1,
          "cost": 0.01513024,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "trigcond(b.lang_code = 'ru')"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "shared_option_variants",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "company_id"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "7",
          "used_key_parts": ["variant_id", "company_id"],
          "ref": ["lvshop.a.variant_id", "const"],
          "loops": 16,
          "rows": 1,
          "cost": 0.01513024,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

variant_name	variant_id	option_id	position	modifier	modifier_type	weight_modifier_type	point_modifier_type	status
	43	11	0	0.000	A	A	A	A
	48	13	0	0.000	A	A	A	A
16GB	49	14	0	0.000	A	A	A	A
32GB	50	14	0	100.000	A	A	A	A
64GB	51	14	0	200.000	A	A	A	A
128GB	52	14	0	300.000	A	A	A	A
	54	15	0	0.000	A	A	A	A
	42	11	1	200.000	A	A	A	A
	47	13	1	200.000	A	A	A	A
	53	15	1	125.000	A	A	A	A
White	1	1	10	0.000	A	A	A	A
Black	5	1	20	0.000	A	A	A	A
Blue	4	1	30	0.000	A	A	A	A
Red	3	1	40	0.000	A	A	A	A
Green	2	1	50	0.000	A	A	A	A
Yellow	11	1	60	0.000	A	A	A	A